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18/10/2024

5th Istanbul Initiative Summit Brought Together Leading Names on Addiction and Public Health

Istanbul Initiative is a global network of NGOs dedicated to advocating for prevention and recovery efforts. Launched with its first summit in 2019, the initiative focuses on preventing addictions and developing sustainable public health policies. The 5th Istanbul Initiative Summit was held on October 8-9, 2024, ahead of World Mental Health Day. This two-day hybrid event was held at the headquarters of the Turkish Green Crescent Society, with more than 50 participants from over 30 countries. During the 5th Istanbul Initiative Meeting, Country Green Crescents also participated and shared their knowledge and experiences in the field of addiction from Jordan, Albania, Somalia, and Ethiopia, South Africa, and Nigeria. Representatives from various countries delivered impactful presentations on addiction prevention strategies and successful practices. The event concluded with closing speeches from Türkiye's Minister of Family and Social Services, Ms. Mahinur Özdemir Göktaş, and the Deputy President of the Turkish Green Crescent Society, Ms. Sümeyye Ceylan. With its commitment to collaboration and innovative approaches, the Istanbul Initiative remains a key platform for advancing efforts in addiction prevention and public health worldwide.

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TOBACCO ADDICTION

Tobacco, due to the nicotine it contains, is an addictive substance and one of the most widely abused substances in the world. However, after quitting, the body begins to renew itself and expel nicotine within just 2 hours. Nicotine found in tobacco products is an addictive substance, but it is possible to overcome addiction, and many people have successfully quit tobacco use. The International Federation of Green Crescent, along with all Country Green Crescents, is actively working together to create awareness and carry out preventive measures against tobacco addiction, which is a global issue.

What is Tobacco Addiction?

Tobacco addiction can be simply defined as the constant desire to use tobacco products and the inability to quit this usage. However, a more meaningful understanding of tobacco addiction can be achieved by examining it within a three-dimensional structure:

  • Neurochemical (related to nicotine) addiction
  • Psychological addiction dimension
  • Physical habits related to tobacco product consumption

Tobacco use is associated with the release of dopamine, creating a sense of pleasure, due to its high nicotine content. Tobacco, with its nicotine content, is addictive and is one of the most commonly abused substances worldwide. Smoking, using hookah, pipe, or inhaling smoke, can lead to psychological and physical addiction over time.

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) state that tobacco causes 8 million deaths annually and that 19,100 people die every day due to diseases caused by smoking. Moreover, it has been found that 30% of deaths related to coronary heart disease are tobacco-related. The death rate for those who smoke two packs of cigarettes a day is twice as high as that of non-smokers. Only 25% of non-smokers die before the age of 75, while 50% of smokers do. Even in those who quit smoking, the risk of coronary heart disease is twice as high as that of non-smokers.

Country Green Crescents operating under the International Federation of Green Crescent collaborate with health professionals, educators and local leaders in their management teams to prevent addiction. They continue their mission to create lasting change in society against the negative effects of tobacco addiction by organizing various education programs and awareness campaigns targeting all age groups from youth to adults. The International Federation of Green Crescent, active on international platforms, plays an effective role in the global prevention of tobacco addiction through the sharing of experiences with other Country Green Crescents dealing with similar issues.

What are the Known Side Effects of Tobacco?

The original substance of tobacco is a dark liquid called nicotine, which is a colorless, bitter liquid and fundamentally a poison. Nicotine, which can also be produced synthetically, is used as an agricultural pesticide. The known side effects of tobacco include:

  • Decreased appetite
  • Increased blood pressure
  • Vascular blockages
  • Coronary heart disease
  • Obstructive lung disease
  • Cerebrovascular diseases and peripheral vascular diseases
  • What are the Effects of Tobacco Addiction?
  • It affects different parts of the central nervous system, leading to physical and psychological health problems. Some of these effects include:
  • Cardiovascular diseases
  • Lung diseases and COPD due to bronchial constriction
  • Vascular blockages and related strokes
  • Gastritis, ulcers, and stomach cancer
  • Yellowing of the skin, wrinkles, and skin cancer
  • Bad breath and yellowing of teeth
  • Smoking during pregnancy leads to premature birth and various developmental disorders.

What Happens After Quitting Smoking?

After discontinuing the use of tobacco products, some positive developments in the body are as follows:

  • Nicotine begins to leave the body 2 hours after quitting smoking.
  • Heart rate and blood pressure start to decrease after 6 hours.
  • After 12 hours, toxic carbon monoxide from cigarette smoke is cleared from the circulation, allowing the lungs to function better.
  • Taste and smell senses sharpen after 2 days.
  • Within 2-12 weeks, circulation improves, making physical activities like walking and running easier.
  • Coughing, shortness of breath, wheezing, and lung strength improve after 3-9 weeks.
  • The risk of a heart attack is halved within 5 years.
  • After 10 years, the risk of lung cancer is halved, and the risk of a heart attack becomes the same as that of a person who has never smoked.

How Does the Green Crescent Counseling Center (YEDAM) Provide Support for Tobacco Addiction?

The Green Crescent Counseling Center (YEDAM) is a service that plays a key role in smoking cessation treatment for the Turkish Green Crescent Society. Operating with the awareness that comprehensive approaches such as behavioral counseling, psychological support, and medication therapy are crucial during the smoking cessation process, YEDAM focuses on individuals with tobacco addiction aged 15 and above. It provides effective support through individualized treatment plans and expert counselors. During the smoking cessation process, YEDAM prioritizes the psychosocial needs of clients, offering counseling services that consider individual and social interactions. YEDAM not only limits itself to counseling but also makes referrals for medical support when deemed necessary. In this way, YEDAM aims to provide holistic support to individuals in the process of overcoming tobacco addiction, facilitating their transition to a healthy lifestyle. By increasing social awareness during the smoking cessation process, YEDAM aims to make positive contributions to the overall health of individuals and society.

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On August 21, 2024, the 5th Youth Advocacy Forum was held, bringing together young participants aged 18-30 from various countries. The forum, which focused on the theme of "Electronic Cigarettes and Electronic Products" was also graced by the presence of representatives from different Green Crescent organizations. Among them, Muhammad Galaev, Head of the Youth Information Block at Dagestan Green Crescent, delivered a remarkable and insightful speech, drawing attention to his personal experiences. In his address, Mr. Galaev reflected on his participation in the 67th Session of the United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND), which was organized by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). He shared key moments from a particularly meaningful side event he attended, titled “The Role of Sports and Mental Health in Preventing Addiction.” His reflections underscored the importance of promoting mental well-being and encouraging active lifestyles as effective strategies in protecting individuals from substance abuse. Moreover, Mr. Galaev took the opportunity to express his heartfelt appreciation for the unwavering support provided by the International Federation of Green Crescent Societies during the CND. He emphasized how the Federation’s presence and contributions at such global platforms enhance the visibility of civil society’s role in advocating for healthier, addiction-free communities. The forum proved to be a significant platform for young advocates, allowing them to exchange experiences, raise awareness on pressing issues like electronic nicotine delivery systems, and discuss collaborative solutions aimed at preventing addiction in future generations.

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Green Crescent provides scholarship support to master's, doctoral and medical residency students conducting thesis research on tobacco-cigarettes, alcohol, drugs, technology, gambling and other addiction forms at universities, institutes and research centers outside of Türkiye and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). The aim is to contribute to Green Crescent's areas of addiction research.Green Crescent aims to be a source for national and international efforts against addiction, fostering scientific research to contribute to addiction literature, aid in the development of policies and action plans, and support the growth of young researchers. To achieve this goal, Green Crescent has launched the International Graduate Thesis Research Scholarship Support Program, starting in 2024, to provide support for qualitative and quantitative research in many fields from health sciences to social sciences. The scholarship program offers a total of USD 3600 for master's students and USD 7200 for doctoral and medical residency students. The application deadline for the program is June 30, 2024.Green Crescent’s International Graduate Thesis Research Scholarship Support Program will consider thesis research in the following areas: Tobacco Use and Addiction Drug Use and Addiction Alcohol Use and Addiction Technology Use and Addiction Gambling and other forms of behavioral addiction In the 2024/U1 Period International Graduate Thesis Research Scholarship Support Program, Green Crescent will provide scholarship support in line with its strategic plan and goals for research in the specified following areas:Alcohol Addiction Evaluations of the effectiveness of alcohol consumption prevention efforts among young people National and international legal regulations on alcohol consumption and implementation results The effect of family values on alcohol consumption The effect of alcohol industry activities on alcohol addiction The effect of alcohol on public health in the context of violence and traffic accidents The effects of alcohol use in OECD countries in the context of developed and developing countries Problems caused by alcohol use in traffic The activities of the alcohol industry on social media platforms The effect of the pandemic period on alcohol addiction Tobacco Addiction Studies on the frequency of use of electronic cigarettes/heated tobacco products Etiological studies on electronic cigarettes/heated tobacco products Assessments of knowledge, attitude and behavior on the use of electronic cigarettes/heated tobacco products The effects of electronic cigarettes/heated tobacco products on human health Assessments of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to hookah use Evaluations of the effectiveness of tobacco use prevention efforts Studies on the effects of flat packaging Evaluations of the effectiveness of smoking cessation services on a national and international basis. National and international legal regulations on the consumption of tobacco products and implementation results Regional activities of the tobacco industry and their impact on consumption behavior Comparative studies examining the transposition of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control into domestic legal systems Studies examining the opinions of smokers and health sector workers on the inclusion of electronic cigarettes in smoking cessation practices Studies on passive smoking Studies on tobacco control policy instruments in Türkiye and the world (e.g. price and taxation, sales procedures, age restrictions, etc.) The effect of the pandemic period on tobacco addiction Studies examining the relationship between infectious diseases and tobacco products Ethical problems that will arise from the tobacco industry's positioning in the health sector (with new statuses such as pharmaceutical companies) Current status, setbacks and needs in smokefree airspace implementations Research examining the reasons for the recent increase in the prevalence of tobacco use among women in all age groups Studies investigating compliance with smoke-free airspaces Drug Addiction Investigating factors influencing the use of different drugs Etiological studies on the causes of drug addiction Studies on the frequency of cannabis use among university youth/ Studies on the frequency of drug use among university youth Evaluations of the effectiveness of activities to prevent drug use among youth The effects of drug use/multiple drug use on public health (e.g. unemployment, discord in family life, dropping out of education, etc.) Studies to develop reintegration models that would enable individuals with a history of drug abuse/addiction to take part in business life Examination of trends in the misuse and abuse of prescribed medicines Studies for the development of analytical methods for the detection of new psychoactive/drug substances Studies that examine regional trends in the legalization of drugs Studies comparing the  drug policies of Türkiye with those of regional and global organizations Studies examining the role of civil society organizations in the fight against drug addiction in the context of international examples Problems caused by drug use in traffic Studies investigating the abuse of addictive drugs and active substances in the health sector The effects of the pandemic on drug addiction Prodrug use and preventive studies Drug use in women/pregnant women and its effect on infants/neonatal mortality Investigating the effects of parental drug use on children and the family structure Investigating the frequency and reasons for drug use among children/youth raised without parents Drug use among disadvantaged individuals and examples of preventive good practices Behavioral Addictions (Studies on digital gaming, gambling, excessive use of social media, excessive use of smartphones and online pornography) Etiological studies on the causes of behavioral addictions (Example: Genetic factors, psychopathology, environmental factors, peer relationships, mental resilience, etc.). Studies on the prevalence of behavioral addictions on a large scale National/international policies and legal regulations on behavioral addictions DSM-5 or ICD-11 based scale development studies on behavioral addictions Studies on the treatment of behavioral addictions (psychotherapy and medical/pharmacological treatment) Studies examining the relationship between digital game addiction and gambling addiction The effects of the pandemic on behavioral addictions Studies supporting the conscious use of technology in school-age children General Studies that examine the effectiveness of psychotherapeutical approaches in addiction treatment practices Studies that examine the moral and philosophical dimensions of addictions Studies that examine the relationship between family relationships and addiction processes (e.g. domestic violence, etc.) Spirituality-based approaches in prevention and treatment practices related to addictions Social work activities related to addictions Comparisons of the social policies among countries on addiction Substance abuse and addictions in the workplace (alcohol, illicit substances, digital gaming and gambling addiction) Examining the effectiveness of prevention activities related to addiction Studies that examine the level of knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals regarding addictions Possible effects of energy drinks on young people Studies examining the relationship between addiction and criminal behavior Relationship between consumption and addiction Relationship between addiction and venues Social and economic impacts of practices and policies related to addictions Examination of the changes in the social and emotional behavior of individuals (adolescents, young people) under treatment and intervention: Longitudinal study For detailed information on the 2024/U1 Period International Graduate Thesis Research Scholarship Support Program, you can refer to the application guide provided below. The scholarship results are expected to be announced within a minimum of 3 months from the application deadline.For further inquiries, you can contact scholarship@yesilay.org.tr for detailed information.International Scholarship Application Guide:https://www.yesilay.org.tr/assets/uploads/pdf/international-scholarship-application-guide-v2.pdf International Graduate Thesis Research Scholarship Support Program Application Form:https://www.yesilay.org.tr/assets/uploads/pdf/international-graduate-thesis-research-scholarship-support-program-application-form.docx 

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